Sentence Structures Learnt

Sentence Structure
• Construct a variety of sentences:@
° Simple sentences:
- Subject + Verb (e.g., Cheryl sings.)
- Subject + Verb + Object (e.g., Cheryl sings lullabies.)
- Subject + Verb + Adverbial (e.g., Cheryl sings sweetly.)
° Simple sentences with:#
- a direct object (e.g., Mrs Tay asked him.)
- an indirect object (e.g., Mrs Tay asked him a question.)
° Compound sentences:
- use connectors ‘and’ and ‘but’ to join two simple sentences (e.g., John ran. Lina walked. → John ran but Lina walked.)
° Complex sentences (made up of a main clause with one or more dependent or subordinate clauses):
- with a comparison clause (e.g., I eat more than you do.)
- with a relative clause (e.g., He is looking for the bag which he has lost.)
- with an adverbial clause (e.g., The children do as they are told.)
° Different sentence types:
- Declarative (e.g., Wei Ling is my friend.)
- Interrogative (e.g., Who is Frankie?)
- Imperative (e.g., Sit down.)
- Existential (e.g., There once lived a prince.)
- Negative sentences (e.g., It was not a rainy day.)
- Exclamatory (e.g., What a beautiful day!)
- Conditional (e.g., If you leave, I will not stay either.)
- Subjunctive, to express a wish that cannot be fulfilled (e.g., I wish I had a sister.)
° Direct speech (e.g., I said, “He is leaving.”)
• Vary the way sentences are written:
° Using parallel structures: employing the same pattern of words through the use of connectors ‘and’/ ‘or’ to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance (e.g., John and Lina like to run. John and Lina like to walk. John and Lina like to hike. → John and Lina like to run, to walk and to hike.)
° Substituting connectors (e.g., Mei and Lina did not go for the run. → Neither Mei nor Lina went for the run.)
° Using Reported Speech:
- with reporting verbs (e.g., said, told, asked)
- for statements with tense changes (e.g., John said, “I want to go to the library.”→ John said that he wanted to go to the library.)
- for statements without tense changes (e.g., “The sun rises in the east,” the teacher said. → The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.)
- for statements with change in pronouns (e.g., John said, “I love swimming.” →John said that he loved swimming.)
- for questions with tense changes (e.g., She said, “Are there any oranges in the bowl?” → She asked whether there were any oranges in the bowl.)
- for orders (e.g., “Sit down, John,” the teacher said. → The teacher ordered John to sit down.)
° Altering the Voice:
- from active to passive (e.g., I broke the window. → The window was broken [by me].)
- from passive to active (e.g., This work will be completed [by the team]. → The team will complete this work.)
° Exchanging the positions of the Direct Object and the Indirect Object (e.g., I read a story to Max. → I read Max a story.)*